{"id":253,"date":"2018-04-28T19:31:35","date_gmt":"2018-04-29T02:31:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/?page_id=253"},"modified":"2025-08-15T23:51:33","modified_gmt":"2025-08-16T06:51:33","slug":"peru-a-land-of-mountains-and-megalithic-walls","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/peru-a-land-of-mountains-and-megalithic-walls\/","title":{"rendered":"B &#8211; Peru"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/survey-questionnaire\/\">Tell us what you think about the story.<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/d2z7bzwflv7old.cloudfront.net\/cdn_image\/exW_1200\/images\/maps\/en\/pe\/pe-area.gif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>The Incas and their megalithic walls<\/strong><\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>(B &#8211; lesson on &#8220;BE&#8221; + Present Tense)<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Traveling to Peru <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">is<\/span> an adventure requiring you to hike, appreciate the beauty of the mountains, drink coca tea, negotiate the altitude, the weather and the elements, and travel by boat over the highest lake in the world, Lake Titicaca. It <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">is<\/span> an adventure that utilizes all your senses into discovering the beauty at the summit of Macchu Pichu and the mystery behind the engineering of how the Incas build megalithic walls and sacred places using giant stones cut and placed together so perfectly that not even a paper can slip between the gigantic stones that it leaves one to wonder &#8220;How did the Incas do such a feat and what technology did they use to move such heavy stones.&#8221; The Inca people, the culture, and their way of living will challenge, intrigue, and involve you to explore and find out for yourself what the Inca culture is all about.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized wp-image-265\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"183\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2018\/04\/Me-Macchu-Pichu-2images-jumping-300x183.jpg\" alt=\"Author jumping with glee in Macchu Pichu\" class=\"wp-image-265\" style=\"width:518px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2018\/04\/Me-Macchu-Pichu-2images-jumping-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2018\/04\/Me-Macchu-Pichu-2images-jumping-768x468.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2018\/04\/Me-Macchu-Pichu-2images-jumping.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">When I reached the very top of Macchu Pichu, I couldn&#8217;t help but jump with joy of accomplishing a dream come true. At the very top you feel like you are with God looking down at God&#8217;s creation. You breathe pure fresh air as the warm sun beats on your face and you are looking at the most spectacular view one can ever have at the very summit of a mountain. No wonder thousands of people from around the world make a trek here to experience the climb, the beauty, and the wonder of Macchu Pichu.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1016\" height=\"654\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/Me-arm-stretched-out-in-Macchu-Pichu.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2169\" style=\"width:642px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/Me-arm-stretched-out-in-Macchu-Pichu.png 1016w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/Me-arm-stretched-out-in-Macchu-Pichu-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/Me-arm-stretched-out-in-Macchu-Pichu-768x494.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1016px) 100vw, 1016px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-small-font-size\">When you&nbsp;<strong>are<\/strong>&nbsp;at the very top of Macchu Pichu, you&nbsp;<strong>are<\/strong>&nbsp;surrounded by magnificent mountains, engulfed by a deep blue sky and scattered clouds, you feel the fresh air and the warm sun, you&nbsp;see the people below the mountains, you experience the history that made this place possible by the Incas, and you&nbsp;feel&nbsp;like you are one with God in the heavens and embracing the beautiful world that God created. It&nbsp;<strong>is<\/strong>&nbsp;an unbelievable experience. No wonder people from all over the world&nbsp;travel here to climb Macchu Pichu and see and experience for themselves what many have done already.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"color: #000000\">The verb \u201cBE<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><u>Subject<\/u>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <u>BE<\/u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u>Complement<\/u><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He\/She\/ It &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;is&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We \/ you \/ they                                   are                                               helpful<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The classes \/ the teachers              are                                                helpful<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The verb \u201cBe\u201d always agrees with the subject of the sentence.<br>&#8211;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Short forms can be formed using \u201ccontractions for subject pronouns + BE<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Full form&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Contracted Form &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Full form&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Contracted Form<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I am&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I\u2019m &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; We are &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;We\u2019re<br>He is&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; He\u2019s &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; You are&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; You\u2019re<br>She is&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; She\u2019s &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; They are &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; They\u2019re<br>It is&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; It\u2019s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Negative forms of the verb \u201cBE.\u201d<\/strong><\/em><br>Examples &#8211; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Explanation<br>My mother is Filipino.&nbsp;She is not Mexican.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Add \u201cnot\u201d after the verb \u201cBE\u201d to&nbsp;make a sentence negative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marylyn is counselor.&nbsp;She is not a teacher.<br>My brothers are in the house.&nbsp; They are not outside.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>A contraction<\/strong> <\/em>can be made with the negative form of \u201cBE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u201cI am\u201d has only one form, the others have two.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><u>Full form<\/u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u>Contraction 1<\/u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u>Contraction 2<\/u>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<u>Complement<\/u><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I am not &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &#8211; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; I\u2019m not &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;a policeman.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He is not&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; He isn\u2019t &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;He\u2019s not &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;a teacher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She is not&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; She isn\u2019t &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;She\u2019s not &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;my cousin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is not.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; It isn\u2019t &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; It\u2019s not &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;my car.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We are not&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; We aren\u2019t &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; We\u2019re not &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; at home.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You are not&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; You aren\u2019t &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;You\u2019re not &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;happy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They are not&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; They aren\u2019t &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; They\u2019re not &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;from Korea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Uses of the verb \u201cBE\u201d&nbsp;<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Verb \u201cBe\u201d is used for many reason: It describes identifies, gives a location, or states a fact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Examples:&nbsp; The apple is red. \/ The teacher is Mr. Geraldo. \/ &nbsp;The book is under the table<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Earth is round.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The verb \u201cBE\u201d is very useful at the beginning states of learning English, and it continues to be useful in all levels of English development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong>Rubric &#8211; for self-correction of work<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>0   mistakes   &#8211;  A   &#8211;  Student has no problem understanding concepst.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1 &#8211;   mistake    &#8211; B  &#8211;   Student has little problems understanding concepts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2 &#8211;   mistakes.   C  &#8211;  Student has have some problems understanding concepts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3  &#8211; mistakes     D   &#8211; Student showing significant problems understanding concepts<\/p>\n\n\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\">var gform;gform||(document.addEventListener(\"gform_main_scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.scriptsLoaded=!0}),document.addEventListener(\"gform\/theme\/scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.themeScriptsLoaded=!0}),window.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){gform.domLoaded=!0}),gform={domLoaded:!1,scriptsLoaded:!1,themeScriptsLoaded:!1,isFormEditor:()=>\"function\"==typeof InitializeEditor,callIfLoaded:function(o){return!(!gform.domLoaded||!gform.scriptsLoaded||!gform.themeScriptsLoaded&&!gform.isFormEditor()||(gform.isFormEditor()&&console.warn(\"The use of gform.initializeOnLoaded() is deprecated in the form editor context and will be removed in Gravity Forms 3.1.\"),o(),0))},initializeOnLoaded:function(o){gform.callIfLoaded(o)||(document.addEventListener(\"gform_main_scripts_loaded\",()=>{gform.scriptsLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}),document.addEventListener(\"gform\/theme\/scripts_loaded\",()=>{gform.themeScriptsLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}),window.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",()=>{gform.domLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}))},hooks:{action:{},filter:{}},addAction:function(o,r,e,t){gform.addHook(\"action\",o,r,e,t)},addFilter:function(o,r,e,t){gform.addHook(\"filter\",o,r,e,t)},doAction:function(o){gform.doHook(\"action\",o,arguments)},applyFilters:function(o){return gform.doHook(\"filter\",o,arguments)},removeAction:function(o,r){gform.removeHook(\"action\",o,r)},removeFilter:function(o,r,e){gform.removeHook(\"filter\",o,r,e)},addHook:function(o,r,e,t,n){null==gform.hooks[o][r]&&(gform.hooks[o][r]=[]);var d=gform.hooks[o][r];null==n&&(n=r+\"_\"+d.length),gform.hooks[o][r].push({tag:n,callable:e,priority:t=null==t?10:t})},doHook:function(r,o,e){var t;if(e=Array.prototype.slice.call(e,1),null!=gform.hooks[r][o]&&((o=gform.hooks[r][o]).sort(function(o,r){return o.priority-r.priority}),o.forEach(function(o){\"function\"!=typeof(t=o.callable)&&(t=window[t]),\"action\"==r?t.apply(null,e):e[0]=t.apply(null,e)})),\"filter\"==r)return e[0]},removeHook:function(o,r,t,n){var e;null!=gform.hooks[o][r]&&(e=(e=gform.hooks[o][r]).filter(function(o,r,e){return!!(null!=n&&n!=o.tag||null!=t&&t!=o.priority)}),gform.hooks[o][r]=e)}});<\/script>\n                <div class='gf_browser_gecko gform_wrapper gform_legacy_markup_wrapper gform-theme--no-framework' data-form-theme='legacy' data-form-index='0' id='gform_wrapper_12' style='display:none'>\n                        <div class='gform_heading'>\n                            <h3 class=\"gform_title\">Peru &#8211; Exercise on BE &#038; simple present<\/h3>\n                            <p class='gform_description'><\/p>\n                        <\/div><form method='post' enctype='multipart\/form-data'  id='gform_12'  action='\/mcastillo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/253' data-formid='12' novalidate>\n                        <div class='gform-body gform_body'><ul id='gform_fields_12' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><li id=\"field_12_1\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_1\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >1.  My teacher ____ from the Philippines<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_12_1'>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_1_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_1' type='radio' value='a. am'  id='choice_12_1_0'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_1_0' id='label_12_1_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>a. am<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_1_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_1' type='radio' value='b. is'  id='choice_12_1_1'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_1_1' id='label_12_1_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>b. is<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_1_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_1' type='radio' value='c. are'  id='choice_12_1_2'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_1_2' id='label_12_1_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>c. are<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_12_3\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_3\" >Not Correct<\/li><li id=\"field_12_4\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_4\" >Yes &#8211; correct<\/li><li id=\"field_12_5\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_5\" >Choose again<\/li><li id=\"field_12_6\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_6\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >2.  Jos\u00e9 and Mar\u00eda _____  from Guatemala.<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_12_6'>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_6_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_6' type='radio' value='a.  are'  id='choice_12_6_0'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_6_0' id='label_12_6_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>a.  are<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_6_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_6' type='radio' value='b. am'  id='choice_12_6_1'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_6_1' id='label_12_6_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>b. am<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_6_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_6' type='radio' value='c. is'  id='choice_12_6_2'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_6_2' id='label_12_6_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>c. is<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_12_8\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_8\" >Correct answer<\/li><li id=\"field_12_9\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_9\" >Choose again<\/li><li id=\"field_12_10\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_10\" >Wrong answer<\/li><li id=\"field_12_11\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_11\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >3.  My teacher always _______ (teach) early in the morning<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_12_11'>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_11_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_11' type='radio' value='a.  teach'  id='choice_12_11_0'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_11_0' id='label_12_11_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>a.  teach<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_11_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_11' type='radio' value='b.  teaches'  id='choice_12_11_1'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_11_1' id='label_12_11_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>b.  teaches<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_12_13\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_13\" >This is the right answer.<\/li><li id=\"field_12_12\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_12\" >Choose the other one.<\/li><li id=\"field_12_14\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_14\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >4.  Ivan, Abdul, and Ping ______  (create) the best website for the school.<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_12_14'>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_14_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_14' type='radio' value='a.  creating'  id='choice_12_14_0'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_14_0' id='label_12_14_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>a.  creating<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_14_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_14' type='radio' value='b. creates'  id='choice_12_14_1'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_14_1' id='label_12_14_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>b. creates<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_14_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_14' type='radio' value='c.  create'  id='choice_12_14_2'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_14_2' id='label_12_14_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>c.  create<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_12_15\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_15\" >Not correct<\/li><li id=\"field_12_16\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_16\" >Choose again<\/li><li id=\"field_12_17\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_17\" >Correct answer<\/li><li id=\"field_12_18\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_18\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >5.  I ______________ (speak) five languages well.<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_12_18'>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_18_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_18' type='radio' value='a. speaks'  id='choice_12_18_0'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_18_0' id='label_12_18_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>a. speaks<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_18_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_18' type='radio' value='b. speak'  id='choice_12_18_1'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_18_1' id='label_12_18_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>b. speak<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_12_18_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_18' type='radio' value='c.  speaking'  id='choice_12_18_2'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_12_18_2' id='label_12_18_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>c.  speaking<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_12_20\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_20\" >Choose again<\/li><li id=\"field_12_21\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_21\" >You chose the right one.<\/li><li id=\"field_12_22\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_12_22\" >Oops! Choose again<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n        <div class='gform-footer gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_12' class='gform_button button' onclick='gform.submission.handleButtonClick(this)' value='Submit'  \/> \n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submission_method' data-js='gform_submission_method_12' value='postback' \/>\n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_12' value='1' \/>\n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='12' \/>\n            \n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' \/>\n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_12' value='WyJbXSIsIjlhMTZkZDhhOTg0YzNiMGExYjczMzA0OGY4MjBiNDMzIl0=' \/>\n            <input type='hidden' autocomplete='off' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_12' id='gform_target_page_number_12' value='0' \/>\n            <input type='hidden' autocomplete='off' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_12' id='gform_source_page_number_12' value='1' \/>\n            <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='' \/>\n            \n        <\/div>\n                        <p style=\"display: none !important;\" class=\"akismet-fields-container\" data-prefix=\"ak_\"><label>&#916;<textarea name=\"ak_hp_textarea\" cols=\"45\" rows=\"8\" maxlength=\"100\"><\/textarea><\/label><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"ak_js_1\" name=\"ak_js\" value=\"201\"\/><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\ndocument.getElementById( \"ak_js_1\" ).setAttribute( \"value\", ( new Date() ).getTime() );\n\/* ]]> *\/\n<\/script>\n<\/p><\/form>\n                        <\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\n gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 12, 'https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_12').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_12');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_12').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){form_content.find('form').css('opacity', 0);jQuery('#gform_wrapper_12').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_12').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_12').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { \/* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome *\/  }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_12').val();gformInitSpinner( 12, 'https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [12, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_12'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_12').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [12]);window['gf_submitting_12'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_12').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_12').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger(\"gform_pre_post_render\", [{ formId: \"12\", currentPage: \"current_page\", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]);                if (event && event.defaultPrevented) {                return;         }        const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( \"gform_wrapper_12\" );        if ( gformWrapperDiv ) {            const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( \"span\" );            visibilitySpan.id = \"gform_visibility_test_12\";            gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( \"afterend\", visibilitySpan );        }        const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( \"gform_visibility_test_12\" );        let postRenderFired = false;                function triggerPostRender() {            if ( postRenderFired ) {                return;            }            postRenderFired = true;            jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [12, current_page] );            gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform\/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 12, currentPage: current_page } } );            gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform\/post_render', native: false, data: { formId: 12, currentPage: current_page } } );            if ( visibilityTestDiv ) {                visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv );            }        }        function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) {            var timeout;            return function() {                var context = this, args = arguments;                var later = function() {                    timeout = null;                    if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args );                };                var callNow = immediate && !timeout;                clearTimeout( timeout );                timeout = setTimeout( later, wait );                if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args );            };        }        const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() {            triggerPostRender();        }, 200 );        if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) {            const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => {                mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => {                    if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) {                        debouncedTriggerPostRender();                        observer.disconnect();                    }                });            });            observer.observe( document.body, {                attributes: true,                childList: false,                subtree: true,                attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ],            });        } else {            triggerPostRender();        }    } );} ); \n\/* ]]> *\/\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong>Rubric &#8211; for self-correction of work<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>0   mistakes   &#8211;  A   &#8211;  Student has no problem understanding concepst.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1 &#8211;   mistake    &#8211; B  &#8211;   Student has little problems understanding concepts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2 &#8211;   mistakes.   C  &#8211;  Student has have some problems understanding concepts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3  &#8211; mistakes     D   &#8211; Student showing significant problems understanding concepts<\/p>\n\n\n\n                <div class='gf_browser_gecko gform_wrapper gform_legacy_markup_wrapper gform-theme--no-framework' data-form-theme='legacy' data-form-index='0' id='gform_wrapper_23' >\n                        <div class='gform_heading'>\n                            <h3 class=\"gform_title\">Peru &#8211; Choosing the correct verb &#8211; on Peru article<\/h3>\n                            <p class='gform_description'><\/p>\n                        <\/div><form method='post' enctype='multipart\/form-data'  id='gform_23'  action='\/mcastillo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/253' data-formid='23' novalidate>\n                        <div class='gform-body gform_body'><ul id='gform_fields_23' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><li id=\"field_23_1\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" data-js-reload=\"field_23_1\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >1.  When you travel to Peru, you ______ (hike, eat, relax, think about) the mountains to see great views from the top.<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_23_1'>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_1_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_1' type='radio' value='gquiz19f67cb77'  id='choice_23_1_0'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_1_0' id='label_23_1_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>a.  hike<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_1_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_1' type='radio' value='gquiz159ca635b'  id='choice_23_1_1'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_1_1' id='label_23_1_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>b.  eat<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_1_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_1' type='radio' value='gquiz1bb20c49d'  id='choice_23_1_2'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_1_2' id='label_23_1_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>c.  relax<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_1_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_1' type='radio' value='gquiz1bae169a9'  id='choice_23_1_3'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_1_3' id='label_23_1_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>d.  think about<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_23_2\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--input-type-select field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" data-js-reload=\"field_23_2\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_23_2'>2.  Hiking up Machu Picchu is adventure that __________ all your senses into discovering the beauty at the summit of Machu Picchu.<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_select'><select name='input_2' id='input_23_2' class='medium gfield_select'     aria-invalid=\"false\" ><option value='' selected='selected' class='gf_placeholder'>Select one<\/option><option value='gquiz29cddbb29' >a.  photographs<\/option><option value='gquiz2ae380712' >b.  symbolizes<\/option><option value='gquiz26d5d1a9b' >c.  creates<\/option><option value='gquiz24df01d7b' >d.  requires<\/option><\/select><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_23_3\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--input-type-select field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" data-js-reload=\"field_23_3\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_23_3'>3.  The Incas _________  megalithic walls and sacred places using giant stones that were cut and place together perfectly.<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_select'><select name='input_3' id='input_23_3' class='medium gfield_select'     aria-invalid=\"false\" ><option value='' selected='selected' class='gf_placeholder'>Select one<\/option><option value='gquiz34db1dcfb' >a.  drew on<\/option><option value='gquiz3415ace8d' >b.  build<\/option><option value='gquiz386826c44' >c.  saw<\/option><option value='gquiz3bb79b456' >d.  involved<\/option><\/select><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_23_4\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--input-type-select field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" data-js-reload=\"field_23_4\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_23_4'>4.  What technology ________________ to move such heavy stones?<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_select'><select name='input_4' id='input_23_4' class='medium gfield_select'     aria-invalid=\"false\" ><option value='' selected='selected' class='gf_placeholder'>Select one<\/option><option value='gquiz46e1ccf0a' >a.  did the Incas draw<\/option><option value='gquiz4d9416037' >b. did the Incas use<\/option><option value='gquiz47e7fa231' >c.  did the Incas think<\/option><option value='gquiz42b8941da' >d.  did the Incas  dream<\/option><\/select><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_23_5\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--input-type-select field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" data-js-reload=\"field_23_5\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_23_5'>5.  At the very top of Machu Picchu, people ______ like they are with God looking down at His creatiln<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_select'><select name='input_5' id='input_23_5' class='medium gfield_select'     aria-invalid=\"false\" ><option value='' selected='selected' class='gf_placeholder'>Select one<\/option><option value='gquiz5f36fa78d' >a.  feel<\/option><option value='gquiz5bdec5353' >b.  understand<\/option><option value='gquiz5ae9a1479' >c.  write<\/option><option value='gquiz560f2099a' >d.  real<\/option><\/select><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_23_6\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" data-js-reload=\"field_23_6\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >6.  At the very top of Machu Picchu, you _________ pure fresh air as the warm sun beats on your face.<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_23_6'>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_6_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_6' type='radio' value='gquiz6e39a4239'  id='choice_23_6_0'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_6_0' id='label_23_6_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>a.  smell<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_6_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_6' type='radio' value='gquiz6fef8fc93'  id='choice_23_6_1'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_6_1' id='label_23_6_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>b.  breathe<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_6_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_6' type='radio' value='gquiz643013180'  id='choice_23_6_2'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_6_2' id='label_23_6_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>c.  see<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_6_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_6' type='radio' value='gquiz6ca551b86'  id='choice_23_6_3'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_6_3' id='label_23_6_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>d.  photograph<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/li><li id=\"field_23_7\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" data-js-reload=\"field_23_7\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >7.  No wonder people from all over the world ______ here to climb Machu Picchu to experience what many have done already.<\/label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_23_7'>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_7_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_7' type='radio' value='gquiz7585cde1e'  id='choice_23_7_0'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_7_0' id='label_23_7_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>a. travel<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_7_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_7' type='radio' value='gquiz7d491a176'  id='choice_23_7_1'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_7_1' id='label_23_7_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>b. eat<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_7_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_7' type='radio' value='gquiz758f005fe'  id='choice_23_7_2'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_7_2' id='label_23_7_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>c.  photograph<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class='gchoice gchoice_23_7_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_7' type='radio' value='gquiz78abfcf1c'  id='choice_23_7_3'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_23_7_3' id='label_23_7_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>d.  relax<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n        <div class='gform-footer gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_23' class='gform_button button' onclick='gform.submission.handleButtonClick(this)' value='Submit'  \/> \n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submission_method' data-js='gform_submission_method_23' value='postback' \/>\n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_23' value='1' \/>\n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='23' \/>\n            \n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' 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{            triggerPostRender();        }    } );} ); \n\/* ]]> *\/\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The present tense is often used to &#8220;create questions&#8221; by using &#8220;Do\/does + Subject + Verb?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Example &#8211;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;My brother enjoys playing the guitar. &nbsp;Question &#8211; Does your brother enjoy playing the guitar?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You always study for the exam on weekends. &nbsp;Question &#8211; Do you always study for the exam on weekends?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The present tense is often used with questions words (Why, who, when, when, where, How) to create a question.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The pattern: &nbsp;Question word &nbsp;+ &nbsp;do\/does &nbsp; + &nbsp;subject<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Example: &nbsp; 1) &nbsp;Why does your brother enjoy playing the guitar?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2) &nbsp;When do you study for the exam?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Practice for you using question words + present tense<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n        <div id=\"ep-gutenberg-content-dffca18bd092961a0049823bcaa0fb9c\" class=\"ep-gutenberg-content aligncenter ep-percentage-width   ep-content-protection-disabled\">\n            <div class=\"embedpress-inner-iframe emebedpress-unit-percent ep-doc-dffca18bd092961a0049823bcaa0fb9c\" style=\"max-width:600%\" id=\"embedpress-pdf-1715186555651\">\n                <div >\n                    <div class=\"ep-embed-content-wraper\"><div class=\"position-right-wraper gutenberg-pdf-wraper\"><iframe title=\"Questions with the Simple Present Tense\" class=\"embedpress-embed-document-pdf embedpress-pdf-1715186555651\" style=\"width:600%;height:600px; max-width:100%; display: inline-block\" 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Pichu<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"590\" height=\"332\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/VIw4GYqv4UY?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Uros Island<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"590\" height=\"332\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tvIaVC6CyHA?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ollantaytamabo<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"590\" height=\"332\" 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