{"id":1998,"date":"2025-08-10T22:48:21","date_gmt":"2025-08-11T05:48:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/?page_id=1998"},"modified":"2025-08-25T14:24:40","modified_gmt":"2025-08-25T21:24:40","slug":"h-israel","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/h-israel\/","title":{"rendered":"Israel &#8211; The challenges of and hostilities toward Israel"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">(<strong>High leve<\/strong>l &#8211; lesson &#8211; Reading for facts and understanding of the Israel-Hams War)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For AI assistance &#8211; click on <a href=\"https:\/\/iask.ai\/\">Artificial Intelligence (AI)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since its establishment as an independent state in 1948, Israel has faced many challenges, setbacks, and hostilities being the only Jewish country surrounded by Arab countries in the Middle East. So what are and has been the implications?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1.&nbsp;Ongoing conflict and security threats<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wars with neighboring Arab states:&nbsp;Israel has fought wars against neighboring Arab countries<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol style=\"list-style-type:lower-alpha\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the 1948 Arab-Israeli War<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the 1956 Suez Crisis<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the 1967 Six-Day War<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the 1973 Yom Kippur War<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the 1982 Lebanon War, and&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the most recent major attack on Israel by Hamas on October 7, 2023.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1844\" height=\"978\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/Hamas-normal-attacks-Israel.jpg\" alt=\"Hamas cheer &amp; hold Hamas flag after invading Israel\" class=\"wp-image-2066\" style=\"width:378px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/Hamas-normal-attacks-Israel.jpg 1844w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/Hamas-normal-attacks-Israel-300x159.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/Hamas-normal-attacks-Israel-1024x543.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/Hamas-normal-attacks-Israel-768x407.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/Hamas-normal-attacks-Israel-1536x815.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1844px) 100vw, 1844px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Hamas cheer &amp; hold Hamas flag after invading Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Israel has faced continuous threats from various militant groups, leading to numerous security operations and ongoing violence,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">particularly in the Gaza Strip<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hamas,&nbsp;<\/strong>a Palestinian Sunni Islamist militant group and political party that governs the Gaza Strip, has constantly engaged in armed conflicts with Israel, including launching rocket attacks, carrying out bombings, and conducting cross-border infiltrations.&nbsp;&nbsp;On October 7, 2023 Hamas attacked Israel&nbsp;with a barrage of at least 2,200 rockets launched from the Gaza Strip into Israel for 20 minutes.&nbsp;&nbsp;Hamas fighters crossed the border from the south of Israel and killed around 1,200 people, including civilians and security forces, and took 251 people as hostages, bringing them back into Gaza as a collateral for negotiation and demands. Israel responded almost immediately with retaliatory airstrikes on the Gaza Strip, targeting Hamas fighters and weapons. For almost two years Israel has been at war with Hamas which has had a devastating impact on the territory and its inhabitants.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Results \u2013&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>More than 1,200 Israelis and foreign nationals have been killed since the October 7th attack.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"690\" height=\"428\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/image.jpeg\" alt=\"Israeli soldiers examine damage after rocket bomb exploded on a building in Tel Aviv\" class=\"wp-image-2060\" style=\"width:357px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/image.jpeg 690w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/image-300x186.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 690px) 100vw, 690px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Two Israeli soldiers exam damage of a Tel Aviv building bombes after missile attack by Hezbollah aiding Hamas in the war against Israel &amp; Hamas<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Over 61,000 Palestinians have been killed in the Gaza strip, with over 152,000 injured in the Israeli offensive that followed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"506\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/image-1.png\" alt=\"A Palestinian woman holds child after Israeli forces attacked and bombed a building in the Gaza Strip.\" class=\"wp-image-2062\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover;width:430px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/image-1.png 780w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/image-1-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/image-1-768x498.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Mother holds child after bombing in Gaza by Israel forces<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Approximately 251 Israeli and foreign nationals were taken hostage on October 7th. To date 97 hostages remain in Gaza, with maybe 20 still alive and the rest deceased.&nbsp;&nbsp;Hamas has stated that the release of the remaining hostages is contingent upon a permanent ceasefire in the conflicht and the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Gaza, along with the release of Palestinian prisoners from Israel custody.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hezbollah&nbsp;<\/strong>is a&nbsp;&nbsp;Shia Lebanese political party and militant group with strong ties to Iran.&nbsp;&nbsp;They are located in Seria, north of Israel. Hezbollah has engaged in several armed conflicts with Israel, including cross-border attacks and launching rockets into Israel. The latest conflict between Israel and Hezbollah escalated significantly in October 2023 following the Hamas attacks. Hezbollah is considered a terrorist organization by Israel, the United States, and the United Kingdom.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"778\" height=\"437\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/image.png\" alt=\"Hezbollah people cheering and holding image of their leader in their fight against Israel\" class=\"wp-image-2061\" style=\"width:537px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/image.png 778w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/image-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/pages.palomar.edu\/mcastillo\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/81\/2025\/08\/image-768x431.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 778px) 100vw, 778px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Diplomatic isolation and international relations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Regional tensions:&nbsp;&nbsp;Despite peace treaties with Egypt and Jordan, and normalized relations with some Arab countries via the Abraham Accords, Israel continues to face tensions with other nations in the region.&nbsp;&nbsp;Israel has faced international condemnation for its policies and actions related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, human rights issues and settlement expansion.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Domestic political and social issues<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Judicial reforms:&nbsp;Controversial proposals to change Israel&#8217;s judicial system have triggered significant national debate and protests about the balance of power between the branches of government.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Like the United States&nbsp;Israel has three main branches of government:&nbsp;executive, legislative, and judicial.&nbsp;The executive branch is primarily headed by the Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, and the cabinet (also known as the Government), while the legislative branch is the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?client=safari&amp;cs=1&amp;sca_esv=282b48f603650924&amp;sxsrf=AE3TifM3VowECGaoAiGkIJUiOzSVTuR93g%3A1754885989474&amp;q=Knesset&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjlzZXg84GPAxVtKVkFHQgJKWQQxccNegQIBBAB&amp;mstk=AUtExfDno78eBsg1MPJSj0I7mpHWlMxN3bvDp_UPmmzoB1SRNl6Gp_AJc8KdeYLIN6c-Klc5FgnAaeyZyBuRmU8SfptUAF1MutMpzv6cyjDMtekr0iTV-SgrNcZtG1cS-y8InPlQnbn8sgi0fcFMGV3tlOK8qCm6pXF4oyeChEdWAUDiSn8&amp;csui=3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Knesset<\/a>,&nbsp;Israel&#8217;s parliament.&nbsp;The judicial branch is led by the Supreme Court.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The presence of ultra-nationalist figures in the ruling coalition has sparked controversy and raised concerns about their impact on domestic and foreign policy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Religious divides:&nbsp;The growing Haredi (ultra-Orthodox) community&#8217;s exemption from military service has created tensions within Israeli society and poses challenges to national unity. The Haredim (plural for Haredi means \u201cultra-Orthodox.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;According to the Torah and the Jewish law (Halakhah), the Haredim believe they must segregate themselves from the broader secular society to maintain their religious values.&nbsp;&nbsp;They believe that secular influences can distract from their religious devotion and may lead to a departure from Jewish tradition. They have their own educational system (yeshivas) which prioritizes religious studies over secular subjects. Haredim often strive to limit their contact with the outside world, minimizing interaction with non-Haredi Jews and non-Jews where possible.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Human rights concerns<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Treatment of Palestinians<\/strong>:&nbsp;Israel has been accused of violations of international humanitarian law and human rights abuses against Palestinians, including unlawful killings, restrictions on movement, and arbitrary detention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Allegations of apartheid<\/strong>:&nbsp;Some human rights organizations, such as Amnesty International, claim that Israel operates a system of apartheid against Palestinians, involving oppression, dispossession of land and property, segregation, and deprivation of economic and social rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">(Source from Google news about war between Israel &amp;&nbsp;Hamas)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Questions for you about the war situation and about wars in general<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li> In your opinion what is the solution to the conflict between Israel and Hamas?  How can peace be achieved?  Is peace a reality?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Why is there so much conflict between Israel and the Palestinian, Hamas and Hezbollah?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Are there conflicts in your country?  Tell about them in a 3 &#8211; 4 sentences.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Are wars necessary to achieve peace in the world?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Why is the human race always fighting each other?  What are they fighting for?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Is war or fighting part of the human nature?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">(Feel free to respond to any question to voice your opinion and mail your response to the author of this website:  mvc3300@gmail.com)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong>Rubric to self-check your quiz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>0 mistake &#8211;    A Student has no problem understanding the article<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1 &#8211; mistake &#8211;  B Student has very little problem understanding the article<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. &#8211; mistakes  C  Student has some problems understanding the article<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3 &#8211; mistakes   D &#8211; Student has substantial problems understanding the article<\/p>\n\n\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\">var gform;gform||(document.addEventListener(\"gform_main_scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.scriptsLoaded=!0}),document.addEventListener(\"gform\/theme\/scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.themeScriptsLoaded=!0}),window.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){gform.domLoaded=!0}),gform={domLoaded:!1,scriptsLoaded:!1,themeScriptsLoaded:!1,isFormEditor:()=>\"function\"==typeof InitializeEditor,callIfLoaded:function(o){return!(!gform.domLoaded||!gform.scriptsLoaded||!gform.themeScriptsLoaded&&!gform.isFormEditor()||(gform.isFormEditor()&&console.warn(\"The use of gform.initializeOnLoaded() is deprecated in the form editor context and will be removed in Gravity Forms 3.1.\"),o(),0))},initializeOnLoaded:function(o){gform.callIfLoaded(o)||(document.addEventListener(\"gform_main_scripts_loaded\",()=>{gform.scriptsLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}),document.addEventListener(\"gform\/theme\/scripts_loaded\",()=>{gform.themeScriptsLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}),window.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",()=>{gform.domLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}))},hooks:{action:{},filter:{}},addAction:function(o,r,e,t){gform.addHook(\"action\",o,r,e,t)},addFilter:function(o,r,e,t){gform.addHook(\"filter\",o,r,e,t)},doAction:function(o){gform.doHook(\"action\",o,arguments)},applyFilters:function(o){return gform.doHook(\"filter\",o,arguments)},removeAction:function(o,r){gform.removeHook(\"action\",o,r)},removeFilter:function(o,r,e){gform.removeHook(\"filter\",o,r,e)},addHook:function(o,r,e,t,n){null==gform.hooks[o][r]&&(gform.hooks[o][r]=[]);var d=gform.hooks[o][r];null==n&&(n=r+\"_\"+d.length),gform.hooks[o][r].push({tag:n,callable:e,priority:t=null==t?10:t})},doHook:function(r,o,e){var t;if(e=Array.prototype.slice.call(e,1),null!=gform.hooks[r][o]&&((o=gform.hooks[r][o]).sort(function(o,r){return o.priority-r.priority}),o.forEach(function(o){\"function\"!=typeof(t=o.callable)&&(t=window[t]),\"action\"==r?t.apply(null,e):e[0]=t.apply(null,e)})),\"filter\"==r)return e[0]},removeHook:function(o,r,t,n){var e;null!=gform.hooks[o][r]&&(e=(e=gform.hooks[o][r]).filter(function(o,r,e){return!!(null!=n&&n!=o.tag||null!=t&&t!=o.priority)}),gform.hooks[o][r]=e)}});<\/script>\n                <div class='gf_browser_gecko gform_wrapper gravity-theme gform-theme--no-framework' data-form-theme='gravity-theme' data-form-index='0' id='gform_wrapper_71' style='display:none'>\n                        <div class='gform_heading'>\n                            <h2 class=\"gform_title\">Israel &#8211; the conflicts<\/h2>\n                            <p class='gform_description'>Choose the correct answer.<\/p>\n                        <\/div><form method='post' enctype='multipart\/form-data'  id='gform_71'  action='\/mcastillo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1998' data-formid='71' novalidate>\n                        <div class='gform-body gform_body'><div id='gform_fields_71' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><fieldset id=\"field_71_1\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_1\" ><legend class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >Israel became a new country in what year?<\/legend><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><div class='gfield_radio' id='input_71_1'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_1_0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_1' type='radio' value='2001'  id='choice_71_1_0' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_1_0' id='label_71_1_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>2001<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_1_1'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_1' type='radio' value='1948'  id='choice_71_1_1' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_1_1' id='label_71_1_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>1948<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_1_2'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_1' type='radio' value='2020'  id='choice_71_1_2' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_1_2' id='label_71_1_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>2020<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_1_3'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_1' type='radio' value='1930'  id='choice_71_1_3' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_1_3' id='label_71_1_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>1930<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><div id=\"field_71_3\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_3\" >Correct<\/div><div id=\"field_71_4\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_4\" >Incorrect<\/div><fieldset id=\"field_71_5\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio gfield--width-full field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_5\" ><legend class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >Hamas is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist militant group and political party that governs ________.<\/legend><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><div class='gfield_radio' id='input_71_5'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_5_0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_5' type='radio' value='Israel'  id='choice_71_5_0' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_5_0' id='label_71_5_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Israel<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_5_1'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_5' type='radio' value='Iran'  id='choice_71_5_1' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_5_1' id='label_71_5_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Iran<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_5_2'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_5' type='radio' value='the Suez Canal'  id='choice_71_5_2' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_5_2' id='label_71_5_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>the Suez Canal<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_5_3'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_5' type='radio' value='the Gaza Strip'  id='choice_71_5_3' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_5_3' id='label_71_5_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>the Gaza Strip<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><div id=\"field_71_8\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_8\" >Correct<\/div><div id=\"field_71_9\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_9\" >Incorrect<\/div><fieldset id=\"field_71_10\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_10\" ><legend class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >The most recent major attack on Israel by Hamas was on  ______<\/legend><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><div class='gfield_radio' id='input_71_10'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_10_0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_10' type='radio' value='September 11, 2001'  id='choice_71_10_0' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_10_0' id='label_71_10_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>September 11, 2001<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_10_1'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_10' type='radio' value='November 3, 2024'  id='choice_71_10_1' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_10_1' id='label_71_10_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>November 3, 2024<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_10_2'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_10' type='radio' value='October 7, 2023'  id='choice_71_10_2' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_10_2' id='label_71_10_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>October 7, 2023<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_10_3'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_10' type='radio' value='December 25, 2023'  id='choice_71_10_3' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_10_3' id='label_71_10_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>December 25, 2023<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><div id=\"field_71_11\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_11\" >Correct<\/div><div id=\"field_71_12\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_12\" >Incorrect<\/div><fieldset id=\"field_71_15\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-multi_choice gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gfield--choice-align-vertical\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_15\" ><legend class='gfield_label gform-field-label gfield_label_before_complex' >Hezbollah is a Shia Lebanese political party and militant group with strong ties to ______<\/legend><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><div class='gfield_radio' id='input_71_15'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_15_0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_15' type='radio' value='Iran'  id='choice_71_15_0' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_15_0' id='label_71_15_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Iran<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_15_1'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_15' type='radio' value='Israel'  id='choice_71_15_1' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_15_1' id='label_71_15_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Israel<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_15_2'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_15' type='radio' value='Lebanon'  id='choice_71_15_2' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_15_2' id='label_71_15_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Lebanon<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_15_3'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_15' type='radio' value='Saudi Arabia'  id='choice_71_15_3' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_15_3' id='label_71_15_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Saudi Arabia<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><div id=\"field_71_16\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_16\" >Correct<\/div><div id=\"field_71_17\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_17\" >Incorrect<\/div><fieldset id=\"field_71_18\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_18\" ><legend class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >Approximately ______ Israeli and foreign national were taken hostages on October 7, 2023.<\/legend><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><div class='gfield_radio' id='input_71_18'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_18_0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_18' type='radio' value='351'  id='choice_71_18_0' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_18_0' id='label_71_18_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>351<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_18_1'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_18' type='radio' value='1002'  id='choice_71_18_1' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_18_1' id='label_71_18_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>1002<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_18_2'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_18' type='radio' value='840'  id='choice_71_18_2' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_18_2' id='label_71_18_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>840<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_18_3'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_18' type='radio' value='251'  id='choice_71_18_3' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_18_3' id='label_71_18_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>251<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><div id=\"field_71_20\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_20\" >Correct<\/div><div id=\"field_71_21\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_21\" >Incorrect<\/div><fieldset id=\"field_71_22\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_22\" ><legend class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >The Prime Minister of Israel is _____<\/legend><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><div class='gfield_radio' id='input_71_22'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_22_0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_22' type='radio' value='Donald Trump'  id='choice_71_22_0' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_22_0' id='label_71_22_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Donald Trump<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_22_1'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_22' type='radio' value='Joe Biden'  id='choice_71_22_1' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_22_1' id='label_71_22_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Joe Biden<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_22_2'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_22' type='radio' value='Sahabi Mohammed'  id='choice_71_22_2' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_22_2' id='label_71_22_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Sahabi Mohammed<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_22_3'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_22' type='radio' value='Benjamin Netanyahu'  id='choice_71_22_3' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_22_3' id='label_71_22_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Benjamin Netanyahu<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><div id=\"field_71_24\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_24\" >Correct<\/div><div id=\"field_71_25\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_25\" >Incorrect<\/div><fieldset id=\"field_71_26\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_26\" ><legend class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >The religious group _______ is exempt from military service in Israel<\/legend><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><div class='gfield_radio' id='input_71_26'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_26_0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_26' type='radio' value='Hamas'  id='choice_71_26_0' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_26_0' id='label_71_26_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Hamas<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_26_1'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_26' type='radio' value='Haredi'  id='choice_71_26_1' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_26_1' id='label_71_26_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Haredi<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_26_2'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_26' type='radio' value='Hezbollah'  id='choice_71_26_2' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_26_2' id='label_71_26_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Hezbollah<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_26_3'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_26' type='radio' value='Knesset'  id='choice_71_26_3' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_26_3' id='label_71_26_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Knesset<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><div id=\"field_71_27\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_27\" >Good job!<\/div><div id=\"field_71_28\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_28\" >Try again<\/div><fieldset id=\"field_71_29\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_29\" ><legend class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >The legislative branch of the Israeli government is the ______<\/legend><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><div class='gfield_radio' id='input_71_29'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_29_0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_29' type='radio' value='Torah'  id='choice_71_29_0' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_29_0' id='label_71_29_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Torah<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_29_1'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_29' type='radio' value='Halakhah'  id='choice_71_29_1' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_29_1' id='label_71_29_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Halakhah<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_29_2'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_29' type='radio' value='Knesset'  id='choice_71_29_2' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_29_2' id='label_71_29_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Knesset<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_29_3'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_29' type='radio' value='Yaweh'  id='choice_71_29_3' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_29_3' id='label_71_29_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Yaweh<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><div id=\"field_71_31\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_31\" >Yes &#8211; you are a good reader<\/div><div id=\"field_71_32\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_32\" >Keep looking! Not right!<\/div><fieldset id=\"field_71_33\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_33\" ><legend class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >______ has been accused of violations of international humanitarian law and human rights abuses against Palestinians<\/legend><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><div class='gfield_radio' id='input_71_33'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_33_0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_33' type='radio' value='Hamas'  id='choice_71_33_0' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_33_0' id='label_71_33_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Hamas<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_33_1'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_33' type='radio' value='Israel'  id='choice_71_33_1' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_33_1' id='label_71_33_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Israel<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_33_2'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_33' type='radio' value='Iran'  id='choice_71_33_2' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_33_2' id='label_71_33_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Iran<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_33_3'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_33' type='radio' value='Hezbollah'  id='choice_71_33_3' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_33_3' id='label_71_33_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Hezbollah<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><div id=\"field_71_36\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_36\" >Yes. You&#8217;re a good reader<\/div><div id=\"field_71_37\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_37\" >No! You need to read the article again<\/div><fieldset id=\"field_71_38\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-radio gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_38\" ><legend class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >Some human rights organizations like Amnesty International claim that _____ operates a system of apartheid.<\/legend><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'><div class='gfield_radio' id='input_71_38'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_38_0'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_38' type='radio' value='Iran'  id='choice_71_38_0' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_38_0' id='label_71_38_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Iran<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_38_1'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_38' type='radio' value='Hamas'  id='choice_71_38_1' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_38_1' id='label_71_38_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Hamas<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_38_2'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_38' type='radio' value='The U.S'  id='choice_71_38_2' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_38_2' id='label_71_38_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The U.S<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class='gchoice gchoice_71_38_3'>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_38' type='radio' value='Israel'  id='choice_71_38_3' onchange='gformToggleRadioOther( this )'    \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_71_38_3' id='label_71_38_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Israel<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><div id=\"field_71_39\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_39\" >Nice work!<\/div><div id=\"field_71_40\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-html gfield--input-type-html gfield_html gfield_html_formatted gfield_no_follows_desc field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible\"  data-js-reload=\"field_71_40\" >Incorrect<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n        <div class='gform-footer gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_71' class='gform_button button' onclick='gform.submission.handleButtonClick(this)' value='Submit'  \/> \n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submission_method' data-js='gform_submission_method_71' value='postback' \/>\n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_71' value='1' \/>\n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='71' \/>\n            \n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' \/>\n            <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_71' 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